How to Write Intro, Body and Conclusion of Research Paper

Lisbeth Gant-Britton, Ph.D.

WRITING INTRO, BODY AND CONCLUSION FOR 
AN ANALYSIS (WITH AN ARGUMENT)

Introduction

1.       Start off with a few opening sentences to prepare the reader for your thesis statement
Examples:
q  Provocative sentences - eye-catching or thought-provoking
q  Give exposition - Is there info the reader needs to know before reading your thesis statement?
q  Pose a question - Your paper will attempt to answer it

2.       Towards the end of the Intro, put the thesis statement - the central idea for your paper (your argument)
q  Should be clear and focused
q  Should be a debatable point, not simply a generalization or plot summary
q  Should clearly describe the argument you want to make
q  Should be short enough to complete within the scope of your paper
Do NOT do the following in the Intro:
                --Do not simply write a thesis statement (Intro must contain more than two sentences)
                --Do not state personal opinion

Body of paper

1.                   Should contain at least three main "chunks."  Your argument = what you want to prove
2.                   Paragraphs should flow in a logical sequence
3.                   Each paragraph should include only what you announce in the topic sentence of that paragraph (one idea per paragraph)
4.                   Write transition sentences or phrases between paragraphs
5.                   Examples of types of analytical paragraphs:
q  Define and/or classify
q  Provide examples to explain a point you want to make
q  Describe a process or processes involved in your analysis
q  Comparison and/or contrast
q  Make analogies between unlike items
q  Draw cause and effect conclusions
Do NOT do the following in the body:
--Do not simply summarize what you read (that's a high school book report)
--Do not write paragraphs willy-nilly, as they come to you, without logical sequencing (rewrite, if necessary)
--Do not put more than one main idea in one paragraph

Conclusion

1.                   Start conclusion with a transition sentence from the last thought in the body of paper
2.                   Within the conclusion, include sentences that remind the reader of your original thesis statement and what you proved
3.                   Check your Intro to make sure you have not veered away from your original argument
4.                   Final sentences: 
q  wrap up main ideas from body of paper without copying them word for word
q  indicate the value of your argument for society
q  If necessary, conclusively answer your provocative question from Intro
5.                   Do NOT do the following in the conclusion
--Do not write the words "in conclusion"

--Do not introduce a completely new idea at the very end of your paper

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