n Reading
U.S. Laws and Constitutional Amendments
n Upcoming
ban of religious and other forms of profiling
n U.S.
Attorney General Eric Holder (outgoing):
n In
a broad new policy, the Department of Justice is set to ban religious and other
forms of profiling by federal law-enforcement officers, according to the Los
Angeles Times.
n To
be issued in about three weeks.
n Upcoming
ban of religious and other forms of profiling
n The
new guidelines, which are still being finalized, would bar “federal agents from
conducting undercover surveillance of a mosque, for example, without some
information that criminal activity is under way,” the report says.
n Under
current policy, promulgated in the aftermath of the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist
attacks, law-enforcement agencies were given broad latitude to monitor specific
religious groups, the LA Times writes.
n Bill
of Rights (First 10 Amendments)
n Freedom
of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of assembly, the right to a fair and
speedy trial–the ringing phrases that inventory some of Americans' most
treasured personal freedoms–were not initially part of the U.S. Constitution.
n At
the Constitutional Convention, the proposal to include a bill of rights was
considered and defeated. The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution as
the first ten amendments on December 15, 1791.
n The
fact that the Constitution did not include a bill of rights to specifically
protect Americans' hard-won rights sparked the most heated debates during the
ratification process.
n Amendments-Aided
Blacks
n The
14th Amendment ensured
that all freed slaves would become U.S. citizens and that all citizens of all
states would enjoy not only rights on the federal level, but on the state
level, too. It removed the three-fifths counting of slaves in the census. It
ensured that the United States would not pay the debts of rebellious states.
n The
15th Amendment ensured
that race could not be used as a criteria for voting. Black MEN got right to
vote. Ratified February 3, 1870.
n Amendments
n The
18th Amendment abolished
the sale or manufacture of alcohol in the United States (“Prohibition”). This
amendment was later repealed (erased).
n The
19th Amendment ensures that
sex could not be used as a criteria for voting. (Women got right to vote.)
Ratified on August 18, 1920.
n 50
years after African American men got right to vote.
n Amendments
Aid Blacks
n The
24th Amendment ensured
that no poll tax or other tax could be charged to vote for any federal office.
n Blacks
had been kept from voting in southern states by being charged a “poll tax” to
vote, which they could not afford to pay.
n DVD
Lincoln, start with protest in Congress to postpone vote.
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